Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune
disease of the skin. It occurs when the immune system
sends out faulty signals that speed up the growth cycle of skin
cells. Psoriasis is not contagious. The most common form is
plaque psoriasis and is commonly seen as red and white shades
of scaly patches appearing on the top first layer of
the skin. Psoriasis can vary in severity from minor
localized patches to completey covering the
body. Toenails are frequently affected (psoriatic nail
dystrophy) and can be seen as an isolated symptom. The cause
of psoriasis is not fully understood but it is thought to be partly
genetic. It is also possible for it to be triggered by injury
to the skin and can be made worse by environmental factors and
even stress can aggravate it.
Signs and Symptoms
The signs can range from no nothing visible on the skin to read
and white scaly patches on the top layer of the skin. Nail
psoriasis causes a variety of changes in the toenails pitting of
the nails, lines traveling across the nails,
discoloration under the nail plate, and even loosening and
crumbling of the nails. The condition can cause itchiness and
even pain as well as a feeling of self-consciousness about the
appearance of the feet.
Treatment
There are many treatments available, but because of its chronic
recurrent nature, psoriasis is a challenge. Topical agents
work well for mild cases. This includes moisturizers and
mineral oils to help treat the dryness. Ointments and creams
that contain such things as vitamin D, corticosteroids and
retinoids are often used as well. Phototherapy using sunlight
as long been a successful treatment option. The skin type of
the person is used to determine how much light is needed for
treatment. For more severe cases and cases that don't respond
to topical or phototherapy treatments can use oral
medication. The three types of medications used are
methotrexate, cyclosporine, and retinoids. However, psoriasis
is a life-long condition and your podiatrist can help you manage
your disease so you can live a more full and active lifestyle.
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